The group oversees stations at RAF Boulmer in Northumberland, RAF Fylingdales in North Yorkshire, RAF Scampton in Lincolnshire and RAF Spadeadam in Cumbria. The definition of air power recognised by the RAF is: Òthe ability to use platforms operating in or passing through the air for military purposesÓ. [151], Based at RAF Waddington, No. The group is also responsible for the RAF's Force Protection assets comprising the RAF Regiment and RAF Police. 12 Squadron) would be formed in the future. In 2007, there were 33,980 RAF Regular Reserves, of which 7,950 served under a fixed-term reserve contract. [156] No. 902 Expeditionary Air Wing (Middle East) – Helicopter support, No. �"m*����A By the end of the war the Royal Canadian Air Force had contributed more than 30 squadrons to serve in RAF formations, similarly, approximately a quarter of Bomber Command's personnel were Canadian. For example, No. 45 Squadron based at RAF Cranwell. air power definition: 1. the force of a country's military aircraft and the ability of these aircraft to be used for…. [185] A total of fourteen Voyagers form the fleet, with nine allocated to sole RAF use (three KC2s and six KC3s). This largely consists … [176] The first Atlas C1 (ZM400) was delivered to the RAF in November 2014. 16 Squadron and No. They can be awarded standards and battle honours for meritorious service. As part of the latest 2010 Strategic Defence and Security Review, the BAE Systems Nimrod MRA4 maritime patrol aircraft was cancelled due to over spending and missing deadlines. [22] With the introduction of Polaris, the RAF's strategic nuclear role was reduced to a tactical one, using WE.177 gravity bombs. [21], Before Britain developed its own nuclear weapons, the RAF was provided with American nuclear weapons under Project E. However, following the development of its own arsenal, the British Government elected on 16 February 1960 to share the country's nuclear deterrent between the RAF and submarines of the Royal Navy, first deciding to concentrate solely on the air force's V bomber fleet. OASC 25th November 2018 I have just finished reading this book on Air Power and would recommend it to anybody that is revising for Filter Interviews/ OASC and is going for an officer/ aircrew role. 1310 Flight RAF, consisting of three RAF Chinook transport helicopters and up to 60 support personnel, were deployed to Mali to assist French operations. [225] On 1 April 2021, it was further elaborated that this squadron would stand-up in September 2021 at RAF Leeming, North Yorkshire. [119], No. [188][189], RAF helicopters support the British Army by moving troops and equipment to and around the battlefield. UK air power, along with maritime, land, space and cyber power, form the interdependent levers of the military instrument of national power. 1 FTS) (formerly the Defence Helicopter Flying School) is based at RAF Shawbury in Shropshire and provides basic helicopter pilot training for all UK armed forces. [168], Shorter range, tactical-airlift transport is provided by the Lockheed Martin C-130J Hercules, known as the Hercules C4 (C-130J-30) and Hercules C5 (C-130J) in RAF service, based at RAF Brize Norton and flown by No. It was formed towards the end of the First World War on 1 April 1918, becoming the first independent air force in the world, by regrouping the Royal Flying Corps (RFC) and the Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS). [119], The Airbus Atlas C1 (A400M) replaced the RAF's fleet of Hercules C1/C3 (C-130K) which were withdrawn from use on 28 October 2013, having originally entered service in 1967. The majority of the RAF's rotary-wing aircraft form part of the tri-service Joint Helicopter Command in support of ground forces. 201 Squadron, both former Nimrod MR2 squadrons, would operate the Poseidon and be based at RAF Lossiemouth. 22 Group is responsible for the supply of qualified and skilled personnel to the RAF and provides flying and non-flying training to all three British armed services. The word platform really means manned or unmanned aircraft (fixed and rotary wing), guided missiles and space vehicles. RAF squadrons are somewhat analogous to the regiments of the British Army in that they have histories and traditions going back to their formation, regardless of where they are based or which aircraft they are operating. [28] The Suez Crisis in 1956 saw a large RAF role, with aircraft operating from RAF Akrotiri and RAF Nicosia on Cyprus and RAF Luqa and RAF Hal Far on Malta as part of Operation Musketeer. [235][236][237] In July 2020, the Ministry of Defence signed a contract for three Protectors with an option on an additional thirteen aircraft. [159] The Poseidon was declared combat ready in April 2020. 72 (F) Squadron based at RAF Valley in Anglesey which provides lead-in training for RAF and Royal Navy fighter pilots prior to advanced training on the BAE Hawk T2. The growth and versatility of the air forces had demonstrated that air power had a separate and essential role to play in modern warfare, independent of, but in closest cooperation with, the older services. [157] By 2 February 2021, five Poseidons had been delivered. It flies twenty-nine Airbus Juno HT1. The OCUs use operational aircraft alongside simulators and ground training, although in the case of the Typhoon a two-seater training variant exists which is designated the Typhoon T3. It is operated by No. All Warrant Officers in the RAF are equal in terms of rank, but the most senior Non-Commissioned appointment is known as the Chief of the Air Staff's Warrant Officer. [99] Publications since April 2013 no-longer report the entire strength of the Regular Reserve, instead they only give a figure for Regular Reserves who serve under a fixed-term reserve contract. 9 Regiment. 47 Squadron. In June 1948 the RAF commenced Operation Firedog against Malayan terrorists during the Malayan Emergency. UKMFTS also relies far more on synthetic training to prepare aircrew for the front line, where advanced synthetic training is commonplace. a : an enlisted person of one of the four ranks below sergeant. "At the start of the scaled QRA response, civilian air traffic controllers might see on their screens an aircraft behaving erratically, not responding to their radio calls, or note that it's transmitting a distress signal through its transponder. [243] The 2021 Defence Command Paper cut the Wedgetail order down to three aircraft. [76], Several Expeditionary Air Wings are based overseas:[66]. [46] Other reductions saw total manpower reduced by 5,000 personnel to a trained strength of 33,000 and the early retirement of the Joint Force Harrier aircraft, the BAE Harrier GR7/GR9. [49], RAF Coningsby in Lincolnshire and RAF Lossiemouth in Moray both provide QRA aircraft, and scramble their Typhoons within minutes to meet or intercept aircraft which give cause for concern. 56 Squadron act as the OCU and OEU for the ISTAR fleet respectively. In the House of Commons on 20 August, prompted by the ongoing efforts of the RAF, Prime Minister Winston Churchill made a speech to the nation, where he said "Never in the field of human conflict was so much owed by so many to so few". Operations are delivered through four Expeditionary Air Wings (No. [197] Since being first delivered in 1980,[198] the Chinook has been involved in numerous operations: the Falklands War (1982); Operation Granby (1991); Operation Engadine (1999); Operation Barras (2000); Operation Herrick (2002–2014); Operation Telic (2003–2011); Operation Ruman (2017); and Operation Newcombe (2018–present). 32 (The Royal) Squadron replaced the Queen's Flight in 1995 and operate the BAe 146 CC2 in the general air transport and VIP transport roles. The Royal Air Force (RAF) is the United Kingdom's aerial warfare force. [100] They had a strength of 7,120 personnel in 2014. Today, the Royal Air Force maintains an operational fleet of various types of aircraft,[9] described by the RAF as being "leading-edge" in terms of technology. ", Parliamentary Under Secretary of State and Minister for Defence Personnel and Veterans, Director-General Head Office and Commissioning Services, Non-Executive Defence Board Member and Chair of the People Committee, Non-Executive Defence Board Member and Chair of the Defence Audit Committee, Non-Executive Defence Board Member and Chair of the Defence Equipment and Support Board, This page was last edited on 10 April 2021, at 10:05. [156] No. Four C-17A were originally leased from Boeing in 2000,[163] These four were subsequently purchased outright,[164] followed by a fifth delivered on 7 April 2008 and a sixth delivered on 11 June 2008. [182] The first Voyager (ZZ330) arrived in the UK for testing at MOD Boscombe Down in April 2011,[183] and entered service in April 2012. [197][199][200][201] The 60-strong fleet of Chinooks currently has an OSD in the 2040s. The RAF adopted night-time area bombing on German cities such as Hamburg and Dresden, and developed precision bombing techniques for specific operations, such as the "Dambusters" raid by No. transports) make regular visits. [17] [111] With the completion of 'Project Centurion' upgrades, the Typhoon FGR4 took over ground attack duties from the Panavia Tornado GR4, which was retired on 1 April 2019. 1 Air Mobility Wing (RAF Brize Norton), No. Today the Royal Air Force maintains an operational fleet of various types of aircraft, described by the RAF as being "leading-edge" in terms of technology. The main RAF bases in RAF(G) were RAF Brüggen, RAF Gutersloh, RAF Laarbruch and RAF Wildenrath – the only air defence base in RAF(G). 2 Flying Training School and No. [177] The A400M is also expected to replace the C4/C5 variants. Some schools operate with only one squadron, and have an overall training throughput which is relatively small; some, like No. [48] On 24 January 2014, in the Houses of Parliament, Conservative MP and Minister of State for the Armed Forces, Andrew Robathan, announced that the RAF's QRA force had been scrambled almost thirty times in the last three years: eleven times during 2010, ten times during 2011 and eight times during 2012. It includes the RAF's Battlespace Management Force which controls the UK Air Surveillance and Control System (ASACS). [18], The largest RAF effort during the war was the strategic bombing campaign against Germany by Bomber Command. [101], Figures provided by the International Institute for Strategic Studies from 2012 showed that RAF pilots achieve a relatively high number of flying hours per year when compared with other major NATO allies such as France and Germany. [239], In July 2014, the House of Commons Defence Select Committee released a report on the RAF future force structure that envisaged a mixture of unmanned and manned platforms, including further F-35, Protector RG1, a service life extension for the Typhoon (which would otherwise end its service in 2030) or a possible new manned aircraft. On completion of elementary training, aircrew are then streamed to either fast jet, multi-engine, or rotary training. [139] The 2021 Defence Command Paper brought the Sentry's OSD forward a year to 2021 and cut the total Wedgetail order to three aircraft. [104], To emphasise the merger of both military and naval aviation when the RAF was formed, many of the titles of officers were deliberately chosen to be of a naval character, such as flight lieutenant, wing commander, group captain, and air commodore. [165] The MOD said there was "a stated departmental requirement for eight" C-17s and a seventh was subsequently ordered, to be delivered in December 2010. [119], Six Hawker Beechcraft Shadow R1s (with two more to be converted) are operated by No. Although there are no permanently stationed aircraft, RAF aircraft (e.g. Airpower or air power consists of the application of military aviation, military strategy and strategic theory to the realm of aerial warfare and close air support. While the British were not the first to make use of heavier-than-air military aircraft, the RAF is the world's oldest independent air force: that is, the first air force to become independent of army or navy control. 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Op Ruman", "Robert Smith-Barry: The man who taught the world to fly", "New Gliding School Launches for Air Cadets", "RAF – Defence College of Technical Training", "Royal Air Force Centre for Air Power Studies", "Defence Review: inside the college that trains the top brass", gov.uk MoD – reserves and cadet strengths, "Commissioned ranks of the Royal Air Force 1919–present", "Chief of the Air Staff's Warrant Officer", "RAF Lossiemouth undertakes first QRA North scramble", "The UK Royal Air Force is advancing with preparations to mark the departure from service of its last Panavia Tornado GR4 strike aircraft next March", "RAF Typhoons replace Tornados in Operation 'Shader' armed with Brimstone for first time", "RAF receives first 'Centurion' Typhoons ahead of Tornado retirement", "Royal Air Force Jets to Patrol Icelandic Skies for NATO", "Typhoon aircraft relocate to RAF Lossiemouth", "The UK's Integrated Review and Defence Command Paper", "UK Tornado fleet to retire in 2019, says BAE", "BBC News – RAF Marham base for Joint Strike Fighter", "Blighty's buying another 17 F-35s, confirms the American government", "RAF's legendary Dambusters squadron reforms to fly F-35 jets | Royal Air Force", "F-35 Lightning fighter jets arrive at RAF Marham | Latest Norfolk and Suffolk News – Eastern Daily Press", "Further five F-35 fighter jets land at new RAF Marham home", "First F-35 jets ready to battle for Britain", "Identity of F-35 Lightning Training Squadron Announced", "Second Lightning Fight Jet Squadron Arrives In UK", "RAF Sentry AEW aircraft deploys in support of counter-IS mission", "The Future of Air C2 and AEW: E-3 Sentry, Threat Technologies and Future Replacement Options", "WEDGETAIL TO BE RAF'S NEW EARLY WARNING RADAR AIRCRAFT", "Ministry of Defence: The Equipment Plan 2019 to 2029", "UK TO ACQUIRE TWO MORE BEECHCRAFT KING AIR 350-DERIVED SHADOW R.1", "UK converts King Air 350s into ISTAR platforms", "Military Aircraft Markings Update number 49, June 2009", "New defensive aids for RAF Shadow ISTAR fleet", "National Security Strategy and Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015", "Armed drones operated from RAF base in UK, says MoD", "Nimrod R1 aircraft in final flight for RAF", "Iraq: 'Secret' Surveillance Flights Revealed", "RAF announce that the P-8A Maritime Patrol Aircraft will be 'Poseidon MRA Mk1' in UK service", "Defence review: Main developments at a glance", "Defence Secretary announces new Maritime Patrol Aircraft squadrons", "RAF Poseidon MRA1 arrives at RAF Lossiemouth for the first time", "POSEIDON, THE UK'S NEW MARITIME PATROL AIRCRAFT, TAKES TO THE SKIES", "New Poseidon Maritime Patrol Aircraft lands in UK for first time", "RAF Declare Poseidon an Initial Operating Capability", "First Operation for RAF Poseidon tracking Russian Warship", "Fifth new British P-8 Maritime Patrol Aircraft arriving", "MoD 'embarrassed' at cost of Boeing C-17 lease deal", "Review turns up the heat on eurofighter", "Boeing Delivers 6th C-17 to Royal Air Force", "Royal Air Force to Acquire 7th Boeing C-17 Globemaster III", "New RAF C-17 aircraft touches down in the UK", "Lockheed Martin delivers first RAF C-130J", "Securing Britain in an Age of Uncertainty: The Strategic Defence and Security Review", "Service Inquiry into the accident involving a Hercules C-130J Mk4 (ZH873) Heavy Landing Incident on 25 August 2017", "UK extends Hercules out-of-service date to 2035", "First UK A400M Atlas delivered to the RAF", "MOD signs contracts and agreements for new RAF aircraft and weapons", "Hercules Aircraft:Written question – 4690", "Voyager, biggest plane in RAF history, arrives in UK", "Airbus Military's A330 MRTT begins its service career with the UK Royal Air Force", "RAF Voyager launches tanker operations with Tornado", "RAF, USAF Work on Rivet Joint Refueling Deal", "BAE Systems wins £15.5 million MOD contract for the Royal Air Force", "BAe 146 C.Mk 3 aircraft delivered to the UK Royal Air Force", "Chinook Helicopters: Written question – 116751", "Boeing Unit to Make Helicopters for U. 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In $200 Million Job", "COMPANY NEWS; BOEING AND WESTLAND SPLIT BRITISH HELICOPTER ORDER", "RAF flying high in new Chinook helicopters", "United Kingdom – H-47 Chinook (Extended Range) Helicopters and Accessories", "Chinook arrival with Royal Air Force remembered", "RAF Squadrons Receive Battle Honours from Her Majesty The Queen", "Final new-build Chinook HC6s delivered to UK RAF", "UK MoD receives first upgraded Puma HC Mk2 helicopter", "RAF using Argentine aircraft from Falklands War", "Upgraded Puma fleet reaches 10,000 flight hours", "Support deal worth £100m agreed for Puma helicopters", "RAF Search and Rescue Force Disbandment Parade", "UKMFTS Fixed Wing Aircraft Service Provision Contract Awarded", "Fixed-wing Light Aircraft Training System – Contracts Finder", "Britain tests Texan T1 training aircraft for first time", "Four new Texan aircraft arrive at RAF Valley", "Second joint RAF & Qatari air force squadron intended for UK", "Royal Air Force and Qatar Emiri Air Force Expand Defence Partnership", "RAF brings back fast jet training on Hawk T1", "202 Sqn Jupiter HT1 positioning for RAF100 flypast", "MoD reveals Reaper derivative will be chosen for Protector", "US approves sale of up to 26 Protector UAVs to UK | News", "Key Battle of Britain Fighter Command group to be reformed", "RAF announces new Typhoon, Protector squadrons", "MOD signs £65 million contract for Protector aircraft", "UK orders first three Protector drones from General Atomics", "UK sets out post-2030 combat aviation force structure", "RAF unveils £2bn plan for new Tempest fighter jet (and it has lasers) | News", "RAF surveillance fleet to be based in Moray", "It's an albatross, it's an eagle ... it's an eagle", "RAF – The Band of the Royal Auxiliary Air Force", "British pilots took part in anti-Isis bombing campaign in Syria", "Norwegian Arctic training for UK forces helicopter crews", "Britain to boost Falklands Islands defences", "Britain's military defences in the Falkland Islands", "The British Army – Joint Helicopter Command", "The brand new RAF Rivet Joint aircraft "fried" Daesh communications with massive jamming attack in Libya", "RAF Chinooks Begin Mali Deployment With French Military", Chief of the Naval Staff and First Sea Lord, Permanent Under Secretary of State for Defence, Defence Electronics and Components Agency, Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Austro-Hungarian Imperial and Royal Aviation Troops, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal_Air_Force&oldid=1017019673, 1918 establishments in the United Kingdom, Military units and formations established in 1918, Organisations based in the United Kingdom with royal patronage, Articles with dead external links from July 2018, Articles with dead external links from March 2018, Articles with permanently dead external links, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with multiple identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Commandant General Royal Auxiliary Air Force. Let’s unpack the theory a little further. It oversees stations at RAF Benson and RAF Brize Norton in Oxfordshire, RAF Henlow in Bedfordshire, RAF Honington in Suffolk, RAF Odiham in Hampshire and RAF Northolt in West London. [71], Three RAF squadrons are based overseas. 54 Squadron and No. 54 Squadron acts as the OCU for the Poseidon fleet. [212], The AgustaWestland AW109 Grand New of No. Air power’s height speed, reach and ubiquity allow a response to air threats at range over a wide area, potentially beyond the reach of an adversary’s weapon system. 4 School of Technical Training is part of the Defence School of Electronic and Mechanical Engineering (DSEME) and is based at MOD St Athan. Specialist ground crew training is focused at RAF Cosford, RAF St Mawgan and MOD St. Athan. [119][120], The Typhoon made its combat debut in support of Operation Ellamy in 2011 and has been supporting Operation Shader since December 2015. Respect: Service in the Royal Air Force is more than just loyalty to the Crown, military superiors, subordinates and comrades. 120 Squadron and No. [147], Three Boeing RC-135W Rivet Joints (also known in RAF service as Airseeker) replaced the Nimrod R1 fleet in the signals intelligence role under the Airseeker Programme and are flown by No. [121] Originally a total of 138 Lightnings were planned,[122][123][124] however the 2021 Defence Command Paper amended this to a commitment to increase the fleet beyond the current order of 48. [109], The Lockheed Martin F-35B Lightning II (known only as Lightning in British service) is a single-seat, single-engine, all-weather stealth multirole combat aircraft. [205] The first two Puma HC1s (XW198 and XW199), of an eventual forty-eight, were delivered in January 1971,[206] which were supplemented by a captured Argentine Army SA 330J in 2001 and six ex-South African Air Force SA 330Ls in 2002. [142] ZZ416 was the first Shadow R1 to be delivered in May 2009 to No. 51 Squadron. [23][24], For much of the Cold War the primary role of the RAF was the defence of Western Europe against potential attack by the Soviet Union, with many squadrons based in West Germany. Ultimately, the ability to control the air and to conduct strategic bombing campaigns was decisive in the Allies’ victory. 2 Group controls the Air Mobility Force which provides strategic and tactical airlift, air-to-air refuelling and Command Support Air Transport. 22 Squadron, based at RAF Benson, re-formed in May 2020 as the OEU for JHC. [250], Headquarters Royal Air Force Music Services, located at RAF Northolt, supports professional musicians who attend events around the globe in support of the RAF. PK ! Over the years, this structure has seen significant changes: for example, there was once a separate system for those in technical trades, and the ranks of chief technician and junior technician continue to be held only by personnel in technical trades. IX (Bomber) Squadron based at RAF Lossiemouth. 100 Squadron has been providing fast jet training alongside its aggressor role, which the Hawk T1 was originally used for between 1976 and 2016. He reports to the Chief of the Defence Staff, who is the professional head of the British Armed Forces. Although the RAF is the principal British air power arm, the Royal Navy's Fleet Air Arm and the British Army's Army Air Corps also deliver air power which is integrated into the maritime, littoral and land environments. The policy of using air power against German cities did not represent a decision between attractive alternatives; it was to a large extent imposed on the RAF by the limitations of its air weapons. Air power is defined as: "The ability to project power from the air and space to influence the behaviour of people or the course of events." Air power has the unique ability to exploit the atmosphere above the surface of the Earth. Learn more. Most non-camouflaged training and transport aircraft retain the traditional red-white-blue roundel. [64], No. Originally, twenty-five A400Ms were ordered; the total purchase has now dropped to twenty-two. [244] The relative sizes of the rings have changed over the years and during the Second World War an outer yellow ring was added to the fuselage roundel. [178][179], No. [66], An RAF station is ordinarily subordinate to a group and is commanded by a group captain. In 1966, the team was increased to nine members, enabling them to develop their Diamond Nine formation. [52], In 2018, the RAF's vision of a future constellation of imagery satellites was initiated through the launch of the Carbonite-2 technology demonstrator. The RAF and Royal Navy's Westland Sea King fleets, after over 30 years of service, were retired. "The ability to project power from the air and space to influence the behaviour of people or the course of events". [213], The UK's military flying training has been privatised through a public-private partnership, known as the UK Military Flying Training System (UKMFTS). [57], The Chief of the Air Staff is supported by several other senior commanders; the main positions are shown in the following table. It seeks to: generate evidence-based academic research; provide strategic influence through coordinated engagement with think tanks, allies and other professional bodies in the defence and policy space; leverage the intellectual … Since its formation, the RAF has taken a significant role in British military history. ?��� * word/_rels/document.xml.rels �(� �Z]o�6}����$�ò�n�&)��6C�'���,&������R��t�Tk�=X�h[�%/�9��/���d R1�N��� �Td����o�S�Di�3Z [191], The large twin-rotor Boeing Chinook is the RAF's heavy-lift support helicopter. 6�i���D�_���, � ���|u�Z^t٢yǯ;!Y,}{�C��/h> �� PK ! 99 Squadron operate eight Boeing C-17A Globemaster III in the heavy strategic airlift role from RAF Brize Norton, Oxfordshire. 2�3��rMeZ�;�>8F���q��FQ�*3��:#ōIJQlG{Ͳd�0 G�X"��H����8��o��8��9�����+�J-^HH�OK����úh5'r!4Eȁ�MJ�.��X���ya����0M:�����݇}��$ SVz�Qd��V$�O���]�5uS���$�s]�vw�| ��.��%�*cW�n�֬d����V.�f��6T���U=ٟ�wJق2�5K�KdAS*���<4�xf�ַ-��.=nqZ��TK�O b����)q4�G�3�� Tf�����Q����f� �j�ҍy�>̛�QdXR��t>�����? 100 Squadron to support other fast jet and ground unit training, as an aggressor aircraft from RAF Leeming. No. 1 FTS comprises two main elements, 2 Maritime Air Wing (2 MAW) and No. [229] The OSD for the Hawk T1 aggressor fleet was set as 2025 by the 2021 Defence Command Paper. [42], The RAF's 90th anniversary was commemorated on 1 April 2008 by a flypast of the RAF's Aerobatic Display Team the Red Arrows and four Eurofighter Typhoons along the River Thames, in a straight line from just south of London City Airport Tower Bridge, the London Eye, the RAF Memorial and (at 13.00) the Ministry of Defence building.

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