[141] The government violently suppressed the protests, killing 100 children and teenagers. The concessionary companies forced local people to harvest rubber, coffee, and other commodities without pay and held their families hostage until they met their quotas. [23], Bananas arrived in the region during the first millennium BCE[24] and added an important source of carbohydrates to the diet; they were also used in the production of alcoholic beverages. [115], In 2006, due to ongoing violence, over 50,000 people in the country's northwest were at risk of starvation[116] but this was averted due to assistance from the United Nations. La constitution en République centrafricaine permet à ses citoyens d’avoir la liberté de religion, mais elle interdit le fondamentalisme religieux, ce … [127] The river port handles the overwhelming majority of the country's international trade and has a cargo handling capacity of 350,000 tons; it has 350 metres (1,150 ft) length of wharfs and 24,000 square metres (260,000 sq ft) of warehousing space.[125]. [152] The Bureau of International Labor Affairs has also mentioned it in its last edition of the List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor. 20 septembre 1960 : La République centrafricaine est admise au sein de l'ONU. [145], The State Department report also cites widespread mob violence, the prevalence of female genital mutilation, discrimination against women and Pygmies, human trafficking, forced labor, and child labor. [31], In 1998, parliamentary elections resulted in Kolingba's RDC winning 20 out of 109 seats. Le président de la République centrafricaine, Pr Faustin-Archange Touadera, a été investi le 30 mars dernier au palais de l'assemblée nationale, à Bangui. modifier Les Saras sont des habitants du sud du Tchad . Approximately 68% of girls are married before they turn 18,[151] and the United Nations' Human Development Index ranked the country 188 out of 188 countries surveyed. [67] On 14 December 2015, Séléka rebel leaders declared an independent Republic of Logone. [13] As of 2019[update], according to the Human Development Index (HDI), the country had the second-lowest level of human development (only behind Niger), ranking 188th out of 189 countries, and the country had the lowest inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI), ranking 150th out of 150 countries. In addition, the Central African Republic receives international support on telecommunication related operations from ITU Telecommunication Development Sector (ITU-D) within the International Telecommunication Union to improve infrastructure. The primary governmental regulating bodies of telecommunications are the Ministère des Postes and Télécommunications et des Nouvelles Technologies. [142] This is in general agreement with the 2016 United Nations estimate of approximately 4%. [136] In 2007, female life expectancy at birth was 48.2 years and male life expectancy at birth was 45.1 years. After using the excuse of alleged irregularities to suspend the results of the elections as a pretext for holding on to power, President Kolingba came under intense pressure from GIBAFOR to establish a "Conseil National Politique Provisoire de la République" (Provisional National Political Council, CNPPR) and to set up a "Mixed Electoral Commission", which included representatives from all political parties. [49], François Bozizé suspended the constitution and named a new cabinet, which included most opposition parties. [41] After Boganda's death in a plane crash on 29 March 1959, his cousin, David Dacko, took control of MESAN. REPUBLIQUE CENTRAFRICAINE ... religion et fait des recommandations stratégiques au Président, au Secrétaire d'État et au Congrès. [75], As large parts of the country were at the time controlled by armed groups, the election could not be conducted in many areas of the country. [134] In May 2005, Bozizé won the presidential election, which excluded Patassé, and in 2006 fighting continued between the government and the rebels. The Azande people settled along the Ubangi River in what is today Central and East CAR, while Bantoid peoples migrated from the southwest from Cameroon. Religion; Centrafrique : l ... La situation politique et sécuritaire est délétère en République centrafricaine depuis un mois. Executive power is exercised by the government. CAR is one of the few African countries to have an African language as their official language.[105]. Most of the CAR consists of Sudano-Guinean savannas, but the country also includes a Sahelo-Sudanian zone in the north and an equatorial forest zone in the south. [129] The Central African Republic will likely be among the main winners after a global transition to renewable energies is completed as the country is ranked no. Boganda maintained a political stance against racism and the colonial regime but gradually became disheartened with the French political system and returned to CAR to establish the Movement for the Social Evolution of Black Africa (Mouvement pour l'évolution sociale de l'Afrique noire, MESAN) in 1950. In 1987 and 1988, semi-free elections to parliament were held, but Kolingba's two major political opponents, Abel Goumba and Ange-Félix Patassé, were not allowed to participate. The CAR covers a land area of about 620,000 square kilometres (240,000 sq mi) and had an estimated population of around 4.7 million as of 2018[update]. Ils représentent près de 30 % de la population du pays. [147], Violence against children and women in relation to accusations of witchcraft has also been cited as a serious problem in the country. Eventually, Patassé came to suspect that General François Bozizé was involved in another coup attempt against him, which led Bozizé to flee with loyal troops to Chad. Quelle est la proportion de autre religion dans République centrafricaine? [31], On 11 January 2014, Michael Djotodia and Nicolas Tiengaye resigned as part of a deal negotiated at a regional summit in neighboring Chad. Dans un climat de violence de plus en plus intense, des atrocités sont commises Par Susanna Flood, directrice du programme Médias d’Amnesty International Actuelle de la population, les naissances et les décès aujourd'hui et au cours de l'année, la migration nette et la croissance démographique. It also alleged harsh and life-threatening conditions in prisons and detention centers, arbitrary arrest, prolonged pretrial detention and denial of a fair trial, restrictions on freedom of movement, official corruption, and restrictions on workers' rights. [72], Touadéra was sworn in on 30 March 2016. To date, the Peace Corps has not returned to the Central African Republic. [123], The Republic's primary import partner is France (17.1%). Despite its significant mineral deposits and other resources, such as uranium reserves, crude oil, gold, diamonds, cobalt, lumber, and hydropower,[12] as well as significant quantities of arable land, the Central African Republic is among the ten poorest countries in the world, with the lowest GDP per capita at purchasing power parity in the world as of 2017. The country is noted for its population of forest elephants and western lowland gorillas. République Centrafricaine Principaux constats : La République Centrafricaine reste fragile, en proie à la violence et divisée selon des lignes confessionnelles. [85], In 2008, Central African Republic was the world's least light pollution affected country. [145] A report by the International Research & Exchanges Board's media sustainability index noted that "the country minimally met objectives, with segments of the legal system and government opposed to a free media system".[145]. [47], On 28 May 2001, rebels stormed strategic buildings in Bangui in an unsuccessful coup attempt. Ville: Bangui Fréquence: 90.9 Mhz. After World War I France again annexed the territory. The Bangui Agreements, signed in January 1997, provided for the deployment of an inter-African military mission, to Central African Republic and re-entry of ex-mutineers into the government on 7 April 1997. [46], By 1990, inspired by the fall of the Berlin Wall, a pro-democracy movement arose. The president also appoints and presides over the Council of Ministers, which initiates laws and oversees government operations. 131)", "RCA : présidentielle du 27 décembre, la Cour Constitutionnelle publie la liste définitive des candidats", "Centrafrique : " ces élections, c'est une escroquerie politique ", dixit le candidat à la présidentielle Martin Ziguélé", "Élections en Centrafrique: la légitimité du scrutin, perturbé en province, divise à Bangui", "CAR violence forced closure of 800 polling stations: Commission", "Three UN peacekeepers killed in CAR ahead of Sunday's elections", "UN chief condemns attacks against peacekeepers in the Central African Republic", "Geography of Central African Republic, Landforms – World Atlas", "An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm", "The Forests of the Congo Basin: State of the Forest 2006", "Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity - Supplementary Material", "Wildlife of northern Central African Republic in danger", "Africa :: Central African Republic – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency", http://citypopulation.de/Centralafrica.html, "International Religious Freedom Report 2010", "Table: Christian Population as Percentages of Total Population by Country", "Central African Republic, Statistics by Diocese", "Central African Republic: Religious tinderbox", "Central African Republic. It is comparable in size to Ukraine, as the Ukraine is 603,500 square kilometres (233,000 sq mi) in area, according to List of countries and dependencies by area. Devant les corps constitués et des délégations étrangères. ... à une religion, à une secte, à une langue, à une région ou à un groupe armé. In the 2009 World Bank Group's report Doing Business, it was ranked 183rd of 183 as regards 'ease of doing business', a composite index which takes into account regulations that enhance business activity and those that restrict it. [102], There are many missionary groups operating in the country, including Lutherans, Baptists, Catholics, Grace Brethren, and Jehovah's Witnesses. Abel Goumba was named vice-president, which gave Bozizé's new government a positive image.[why?] Other imports come from the United States (12.3%), India (11.5%), and China (8.2%). The only major group not to sign an agreement at the time was the CPJP, which continued its activities and signed a peace agreement with the government on 25 August 2012. [88], The climate of the Central African Republic is generally tropical, with a wet season that lasts from June to September in the northern regions of the country, and from May to October in the south. République centrafricaine > Religion. [46], When a second round of elections were finally held in 1993, again with the help of the international community coordinated by GIBAFOR, Ange-Félix Patassé won in the second round of voting with 53% of the vote while Goumba won 45.6%. PAYS AVEC LA PLUS PETITE PROPORTION DE AUTRE RELIGION Quel pays a avoir la plus faible proportion de autre religion. ^ International Religious Freedom Report 2010 - République centrafricaine ^ Ministère du Plan et de l'Economie, Ministère du Plan et de l'Economie. [128], The Central African Republic primarily uses hydroelectricity as there are few other resources for energy and power. REPUBLIQUE CENTRAFRICAINE ... religion et fait des recommandations stratégiques au Président, au Secrétaire d'État et au Congrès. UFR on 15 December 2008). [12] Approximately 25% of women had undergone female genital mutilation. Membership in his new party, the Rassemblement Démocratique Centrafricain (RDC), was voluntary. A year later, Emperor Bokassa crowned himself in a lavish and expensive ceremony that was ridiculed by much of the world. As a member of the World Health Organization, the Central African Republic receives vaccination assistance, such as a 2014 intervention for the prevention of a measles epidemic. Bozizé established a broad-based National Transition Council to draft a new constitution, and announced that he would step down and run for office once the new constitution was approved. On 23 July 2014, following Congolese mediation efforts, Séléka and anti-balaka representatives signed a ceasefire agreement in Brazzaville. There is also a Constitutional Court, and its judges are also appointed by the president. It is bordered by Cameroon, Chad, Sudan, South Sudan, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and the Republic of the Congo. République Centrafricaine; Religion; Ajouté le 12 décembre 2013. Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}7°N 21°E / 7°N 21°E / 7; 21, The Central African Republic (CAR; Sango: Ködörösêse tî Bêafrîka; French: République centrafricaine (RCA)[9]  pronounced [ʁepyblik sɑ̃tʁafʁikɛn], or Centrafrique [sɑ̃tʁafʁik]) is a landlocked country in Central Africa. Maximum annual precipitation is approximately 1,800 millimetres (71 in) in the upper Ubangi region. famille. [76][77] Some 800 of the country's polling stations, 14% of the total, were closed due to violence. [45], Kolingba suspended the constitution and ruled with a military junta until 1985. As of 2010[update], the country had the 4th highest maternal mortality rate in the world. [25], During the 16th and 17th centuries slave traders began to raid the region as part of the expansion of the Saharan and Nile River slave routes. En présence du général Evariste Ndayishimiye, président de la République du Burundi. Lors de la reprise des combats en décembre 2012 entre les FACA loyalistes et la coalition rebelle de Seleka la ville tombe aux mains des rebelles [5], [6]. [111], The National Assembly (Assemblée Nationale) has 140 members, elected for a five-year term using the two-round (or Run-off) system. [74] Former president François Bozizé announced his candidacy on 25 July 2020 but was rejected by the Constitutional Court of the country, which held that Bozizé did not satisfy the “good morality” requirement for candidates because of an international warrant and United Nations sanctions against him for alleged assassinations, torture and other crimes. Production of copper, salt, dried fish, and textiles dominated the economic trade in the Central African region. Overland, Indra; Bazilian, Morgan; Ilimbek Uulu, Talgat; Vakulchuk, Roman; Westphal, Kirsten (2019). PAYS AYANT LE PLUS FAIBLE NOMBRE DE POPULATION CHRéTIENS Quel pays a le plus faible nombre de population chrétiens? [57] [48], In the aftermath of the failed coup, militias loyal to Patassé sought revenge against rebels in many neighborhoods of Bangui and incited unrest including the murder of many political opponents. In addition to the Fertit Hills in the northeast of the CAR, there are scattered hills in the southwest regions. 7 out of 156 nations in the index of geopolitical gains and losses after energy transition (GeGaLo Index). En République centrafricaine, il ne s’agit pas d’une guerre de religion. As no candidate received more than 50% of the vote, a second round of elections was held on 14 February 2016 with run-offs on 31 March 2016. [87], In the southwest, the Dzanga-Sangha National Park is located in a rain forest area. [42] Dacko threw out his political rivals, including Abel Goumba, former Prime Minister and leader of Mouvement d'évolution démocratique de l'Afrique centrale (MEDAC), whom he forced into exile in France. Its largest export partner is France (31.2%), followed by Burundi (16.2%), China (12.5%), Cameroon (9.6%), and Austria (7.8%). [135], The largest hospitals in the country are located in the Bangui district. [120], In response to concerns of a potential genocide, a peacekeeping force – the International Support Mission to the Central African Republic (MISCA) – was authorized in December 2013. Trait d’union entre "l'Afrique musulmane" et " l'Afrique chrétienne et animiste", la RCA souffre depuis son accession à l’indépendance de plusieurs crises politico-militaires. Legislative power is vested in both the government and parliament. [112] The Supreme Court, or Cour Supreme, is made up of judges appointed by the president. Large numbers of missionaries left the country when fighting broke out between rebel and government forces in 2002–3, but many of them have now returned to continue their work. [20] This Agricultural Revolution, combined with a "Fish-stew Revolution", in which fishing began to take place, and the use of boats, allowed for the transportation of goods. Products were often moved in ceramic pots, which are the first known examples of artistic expression from the region's inhabitants. [31] In March 2015, Samantha Power, the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, said 417 of the country's 436 mosques had been destroyed, and Muslim women were so scared of going out in public they were giving birth in their homes instead of going to the hospital. The southern regions have a more equatorial climate, but they are subject to desertification, while the extreme northeast regions of the country are a steppe. Nations Unies - C’est un pays tellement petit, tellement consumé par la violence depuis tant d’années, qu’on en oublierait presque cette crise. [122], The currency of the Central African Republic is the CFA franc, which is accepted across the former countries of French West Africa and trades at a fixed rate to the euro. [37], In the Ubangi-Shari Territorial Assembly election in 1957, MESAN captured 347,000 out of the total 356,000 votes[38] and won every legislative seat,[39] which led to Boganda being elected president of the Grand Council of French Equatorial Africa and vice-president of the Ubangi-Shari Government Council. [81], Much of the country consists of flat or rolling plateau savanna approximately 500 metres (1,640 ft) above sea level. [40] Within a year, he declared the establishment of the Central African Republic and served as the country's first prime minister. RELIGION. Dacko became the country's first president when the CAR formally received independence from France on 13 August 1960, a date celebrated by the country's Independence Day holiday. From Brazzaville, goods are transported by rail to Pointe-Noire, Congo's Atlantic port. It is bordered by Chad to the north, Sudan to the northeast, South Sudan to the southeast, the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the south, the Republic of the Congo to the southwest and Cameroon to the west. France seized and colonized Ubangi-Shari territory in 1894. La communauté musulmane en République Centrafricaine ... religion musulmane. [108], Politics in the Central African Republic formally take place in a framework of a semi-presidential republic. [69][70] In the second round of voting, former Prime Minister Faustin-Archange Touadéra was declared the winner with 63% of the vote, defeating Union for Central African Renewal candidate Anicet-Georges Dologuélé, another former Prime Minister. 13 août 1960 : Proclamation de l'Indépendance de la République centrafricaine. [27] In 1875, the Sudanese sultan Rabih az-Zubayr governed Upper-Oubangui, which included present-day CAR. [12], As in many other former French colonies, the Central African Republic's legal system is based on French law. [32] During the 1920s and 1930s the French introduced a policy of mandatory cotton cultivation,[32] a network of roads was built, attempts were made to combat sleeping sickness, and Protestant missions were established to spread Christianity. [97] More recent work from the Pew Research Center estimated that, as of 2010, Christians constituted 89.8% of the population (60.7% Protestant and 28.5% Catholic) while Muslims made up 8.9%. Approximately 10,000 years ago, desertification forced hunter-gatherer societies south into the Sahel regions of northern Central Africa, where some groups settled. Bangui M'Poko International Airport is Central African Republic's only international airport. La République centrafricaine a l’obligation, au regard du droit international, de respecter et de protéger le droit à la liberté de pensée, de conscience et de religion, notamment le droit de pratiquer ouvertement sa religion sans interférence arbitraire He introduced a new constitution in 1986 which was adopted by a nationwide referendum. The country lies between latitudes 2° and 11°N, and longitudes 14° and 28°E. Vous voulez connaître le nombre et le pourcentage des religions dans République centrafricaine. République centrafricaine; Conflits; Version imprimable. With all opposition parties suppressed by November 1962, Dacko declared MESAN as the official party of the state. The Bouar Megaliths in the western region of the country indicate an advanced level of habitation dating back to the very late Neolithic Era (c. 3500–2700 BC). [73], After the end of Touadéra's first term, Presidential Elections were held on 27 December 2020 with a possible second round planned for 14 February 2021. Since at least 2002 there have been plans to connect Bangui by rail to the Transcameroon Railway. We use "Cookies" for better user experience. In March 2003, Bozizé launched a surprise attack against Patassé, who was out of the country. Prime Minister Nicolas Tiangaye requested a UN peacekeeping force from the UN Security Council and on 31 May former President Bozizé was indicted for crimes against humanity and incitement of genocide. [34] In 1928, a major insurrection, the Kongo-Wara rebellion or 'war of the hoe handle', broke out in Western Ubangi-Shari and continued for several years. [21][22] Ironworking arrived in the region around 1000 BC. President Bokassa declared himself President for Life in 1972 and named himself Emperor Bokassa I of the Central African Empire (as the country was renamed) on 4 December 1976. However, as of 2018 the official government is not in control of large parts of the country, which are governed by rebel groups. Ange-Félix Patassé became president, but was later removed by General François Bozizé in the 2003 coup.

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